Signs and Symptoms of Pterygium
Pterygium, often referred to as “surfer’s eye,” is a common eye condition characterized by the growth of a fleshy, triangular-shaped tissue on the conjunctiva (the clear membrane covering the white part of the eye). While it is usually non-cancerous, a pterygium can cause discomfort and, in some cases, affect vision if it grows over the cornea. Understanding the signs and symptoms of pterygium is essential for early detection and effective management. In this blog, we’ll explore the key symptoms, causes, and treatment options for pterygium.
What is Pterygium?
A pterygium is a benign growth that typically develops on the side of the eye closest to the nose. It is often associated with prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light, dust, and wind. While it is more common in people who spend a lot of time outdoors, anyone can develop this condition.
Signs and Symptoms of Pterygium
The symptoms of pterygium can vary depending on the size and stage of the growth. Here are the most common signs to watch for:
- Visible Growth on the Eye: A pinkish, fleshy growth on the conjunctiva, usually starting from the inner corner of the eye and extending toward the cornea.
- Redness and Irritation: The affected eye may appear red and feel irritated or gritty, as if there’s something in the eye.
- Dryness and Burning Sensation: Pterygium can disrupt the tear film, leading to dry eyes and a burning or stinging sensation.
- Blurred Vision: If the growth extends over the cornea, it can distort the shape of the eye’s surface, leading to blurred or distorted vision.
- Foreign Body Sensation: Many people with pterygium feel as though there’s a foreign object in their eye.
- Tearing: Excessive tearing may occur as the eye tries to compensate for dryness and irritation.
- Astigmatism: In advanced cases, pterygium can cause astigmatism (an irregular curvature of the cornea), leading to further vision problems.
Causes and Risk Factors
While the exact cause of pterygium is not fully understood, several factors can increase the risk of developing this condition:
- UV Exposure: Prolonged exposure to sunlight, especially in sunny or windy environments.
- Dry and Dusty Conditions: Living or working in areas with high levels of dust, sand, or wind.
- Age: More common in adults aged 20-50.
- Gender: Men are more likely to develop pterygium than women.
- Genetics: A family history of pterygium may increase the risk.
When to See an Eye Specialist
If you notice any of the signs or symptoms of pterygium, it’s important to consult an eye specialist. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent the growth from progressing and causing vision problems. Seek medical attention if:
- The growth is rapidly increasing in size.
- You experience persistent redness, irritation, or pain.
- Your vision becomes blurry or distorted.
Treatment Options for Pterygium
The treatment for pterygium depends on the severity of the condition:
- Non-Surgical Treatments:
- Artificial Tears: Lubricating eye drops can help relieve dryness and irritation.
- Anti-Inflammatory Eye Drops: Steroid eye drops may be prescribed to reduce redness and swelling.
- Protective Measures: Wearing sunglasses and hats to shield the eyes from UV light and dust.
- Surgical Treatment:
- Surgery may be recommended if the pterygium:
- Grows over the cornea and affects vision.
- Causes significant discomfort or cosmetic concerns.
- Recurs despite non-surgical treatments.
- During surgery, the growth is removed, and a graft of healthy tissue may be placed to reduce the risk of recurrence.
- Surgery may be recommended if the pterygium:
Prevention Tips
While pterygium cannot always be prevented, these steps can help reduce your risk:
- Wear Sunglasses: Choose sunglasses that block 100% of UV rays and wrap around the sides of your eyes.
- Use Protective Eyewear: Wear goggles or glasses in dusty or windy environments.
- Stay Hydrated: Keep your eyes lubricated by staying hydrated and using artificial tears if needed.
- Limit Sun Exposure: Avoid spending long hours outdoors during peak sunlight hours.
Why Choose Sood Eye Care Center in Jalandhar?
At Sood Eye Care Center, we specialize in diagnosing and treating pterygium and other eye conditions. Here’s why you can trust us:
- Experienced Specialists: Our team of ophthalmologists has extensive experience in managing pterygium.
- Advanced Technology: We use state-of-the-art equipment for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
- Personalized Care: We tailor treatment plans to your unique needs and lifestyle.
- Comprehensive Services: From non-surgical treatments to advanced surgical procedures, we offer a full range of eye care services.
